回复 #200 和你在一起 的帖子
You had a lot to say and I don't have much time, so I can only respond to part of your article at this time.
Does translation really hurt the kids' progress if you tell them the meaning of a word like "salt"? In the short term, probably not; in the long term, it probably does. At least, this has been my experience. Like I said, I once believed and tried to incorporate translation methods in my classes, but I observed the results and compared other methods.
When you use ANY translation in the classroom it affects the attitude of the class. Let me give you another example. Let's say that instead of teaching English, you wanted students to eat healthier. Now let's say that you let one or two students bring some candy into the class one day. It may seem harmless, but pretty soon everybody is ignoring healthy food and bringing candy to class every day. Do you get my point? If you're trying to change a students attitude toward something, you must be firm and resolute.
When you give students translations you get them in the habit of relying on Chinese to learn foreign words. Where do those translations come from? They come from teachers, parents, dictionaries, etc... The students become entirely reliant on those sources of translation and neglect something of infinitely more value ... their own minds. They do not pay attention to the foreign words as carefully as they should and therefore miss out on important aspects of communication, which incidentally is more than the meaning of individual words. The students miss out on the ability to study a word's context, inflection (to express emotion), and much more.
I understand how it can seem perfectly harmless to translate words like "salt" from time to time. It seems very easy to simply get kids to learn the meaning of a word in this manner. After all, why go through all the trouble of demonstrating such a word when you could simply say it in their native language. It seems pretty easy, doesn't it?
But here's a point that you may be missing: you aren't getting students to think about it on a deeper level if you do that. Language is all about building connections in the brain. A big part of learning a language is problem solving and if someone or something does that problem solving for you ... the results of the lesson are reduced.
When I allow translation (or even discussions in Chinese) to be made in a classroom, I notice a dramatic drop in the attention to details. The students don't really care much about the foreign word being spoken and have a hard time even remembering it. Sometimes it's like they didn't hear the foreign language at all, the Chinese is just so powerful in their heads. When students (and teachers) use English 100% of the time no matter how tempting it is to do otherwise, there is a dramatic shift in their ability to learn. Once you have overcome a student's resistance to learning English in this way (and there is a lot of resistance in their minds because it is so easy to use their native language) it suddenly becomes easier to teach them new words and they become better able to accept entirely new concepts (like the conjugation of verbs, the use of articles and prepositions, phrasal verbs, passive verbs, etc...) which English possesses in plenty.
Language is much more than the definition of individual words. No one ever learned good English from just a dictionary or grammar book either.
Those things are just guides to help us. The real use of English comes from practice in a real environment. To quote a famous general: "The terrain is not the map."
It's not that adults cannot learn using the methods I have described, it's just that adults don't want to go back to the basics even though they should. Therefore, they have a strong resistance to this method of learning.I can understand that. I don't like going back to the basics any more than the next person, but keep in mind that sometimes there are no real shortcuts. It doesn't matter how direct you try to make your path, it will still take a certain amount of time and effort to travel to Beijing. You will always sacrifice quality if you get too lazy to do what is necessary.
English teachers should be concerned with more than whether their students can tell the definition of words and pass expected tests. They should be able to observe proper attitudes toward learning the language and have a deeper understanding of what communication is all about. This would ultimately result in more satisfactory results from students.
Granted, not a lot of teachers in this country can do this with the English language. I suppose that's the single reason why some people have a hard time accepting what we have been trying to explain. Most teachers have a limited understanding of English in this country, whereas a teacher such as myself has a more unlimited approach. I am not limited in my ability to teach the language and thus I am free to apply techniques I feel maximize my efforts.
If I wanted to incorporate Chinese into my classes, it would be a simple matter to assign a Chinese assistant to that task while I spoke English. You won't find me doing that any time soon however, because this is not what I have found to be the most effective technique. However, if some Chinese teachers also wanted to improve their classes based on the information I have given, what could they do?
Their options are sadly limited. They cannot change their approach due to limited resources and abilities. It's certainly much easier to sit back and criticize the advice of a teacher such as myself.
Not everyone can teach the way we do. Not every native speaker of English is a good teacher either. I do have some ideas on how other schools and teachers could implement our methods into their own programs, but I think that this is not the time to share such information.
So, yes, you can continue doing the best you can. That's what everyone should do. I just want everybody to keep an open mind to the possibilities. You can criticize my advise all you want; it's so easy to do that from the comfort of your keyboard. Hopefully, I will spark the curiosity of some people out there and inspire some real observation and better action though. I also hope that I will broaden the understanding of people ready to learn new things.
Using English a few hours per week may not seem like much, but if you maximize that time and teach proper attitudes (not just words) then you can get good results. If you want to see some students who have learned English in this manner, I will be happy to introduce you to some. They exist, despite what some people seem to think.
There are very few things I have difficulty teaching with English these days. It doesn't matter how simple or complicated it is. Just because you can't do it yourself, don't think another teacher cannot. There are probably things you just haven't considered. However, If you really put your mind to it, you could do anything..