查看完整版本: #考情解析#中考考点&竞赛重点之反义疑问句

油K姐姐 2017-6-14 21:51

#考情解析#中考考点&竞赛重点之反义疑问句

今天爱学英语的小编给大家讲一个同学们看到就会崩溃的知识点——反义疑问句。
A: 小米今天完成作业了,不是吗?
B: 不,他完成了。
Question:小米到底完成作业了吗?
停!给我暂停!哪个中国人讲话会这么绕?说话这么绕,我早就给他拉黑了。
但是,However,说英语的人就会!特别是英国女王-伊丽莎白二世! Her Majesty!
这位慈祥的90多岁的老太太就极其喜欢用反义疑问句来说话。(别问小编是怎么知道的。小编在英国几乎每天都听Skynews (英国天空电视台)和BBC来锻炼听力,最喜欢听的就是Queen)
那么为什么女王陛下喜欢用反义疑问句呢?因为翻译疑问句表示提问人的看法,没有把握,需要对方证实,这样一来,就可以和对话者拉近距离,就像在唠家常一样。
接下来我们来讲讲反义疑问句的几个考点。
(1)基本结构:前肯后否;前否后肯。
He likes playing football, doesn’t he?
She is fond of travelling, isn’t she?
You are not a teacher in a middle school, are you?
这是不是很简单?是的。但是下面还有呢。
(2)注意否定词不一定是not, 也有可能是 little, few, never, seldom, hardly (ever), barely, rarely, nobody, nothing等等。所以前面陈述部分出现这些词时,后面疑问部分就不能再用否定词了.
He seldom drinks tea, does he? (前面seldom已经是否定词了)
They have little money in their pocket, do they? (前面little已经是否定词了)
(3)但是! 否定前缀不能视为否定词,其反意疑问句仍用否定形式。
It is impossible, isn't it?
He is unkind to his relatives, is he?
(4)当前半句陈述部分有have to +v. (had to + v.),疑问部分常用don't +主语(didn't +主语),因为这个have to 是实意动词,不是情态动词。
We have to finish our homework before eight, don't we?
He had to help his mom look after his younger sister when he was 7, didn’t he?
(5)但是当前半句陈述部分是had better + v. 疑问句部分用hadn't you? 因为这个had better 是固定短语,并不是过去时。
You'd better create a picture by yourself, hadn't you?
(6)当前半句陈述部分是must/may/might等表示猜测的疑问句,疑问部分根据这些情态动词后面的实意动词或be动词以及和主语的情况而定。
He must be a teacher, isn't he?
You must have finished your homework, haven't you?
(7)复合句的反义疑问句
a. 带有定语从句或宾语从句的主从复合句,疑问部分谓语根据主句的谓语而定:
He is not the person who helped us yesterday, is he?
He told me that he would visit London next week, didn't he?
b. 上述部分主句谓语是think, believe, expect, suppose, imagine等引导的定语从句,疑问部分应看从句。
I don't think he is bright, is he?
We believe she can do it better, can't she?
(8)当前半句陈述部分是"there be"结构的,疑问部分用there并省略主语代词。
There is something wrong with your laptop, isn't there?
There will not be anyone else, will there?
(9)若前半句陈述部分是肯定的祈使句,那么它的反意疑问句,疑问部分用will you?或者won’t you.  但如果前面是否定的祈使句,那么后半句的疑问部分只能用will you?
Clean the blackboard please, will you / won't you ?
Don't copy others’ homework, will you?
(10)但Let’s 开头的祈使句后用shall we? (因为这是说话者和听话者一起要去做的事情)
Let us 开头的祈使句,后用will you? (因为这是说话者在向听话者征得同意才能去做的事情)
Let's go and listen to the music, shall we?
Let us wait for you in the reading-room, will you ?
(11)当前半句陈述部分的主语是指示代词或不定代词everything, that, nothing, this, 疑问部分主语用it。
Everything is ready, isn't it?
(12)陈述部分主语是不定代词everybody, anyone, somebody, nobody, no one等,疑问部分常用复数they,有时也用单数he。
Everyone knows the answer, don't they? (does he?)
Nobody knows about it, do they? (does he?)

就简单讲这12点,当然还有其他好多点,但是讲多了你们就更加崩溃了。掌握这12点,应对中考已经足够得不要不要的了,应对竞赛也够了。

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下面我们来讲一下反义疑问句的回答!
[b]重点!!!敲黑板!!![/b]
He is a good teacher, isn’t he? (做肯定回答)
在选择或者填写答案前,先扇自己一巴掌(打疼了我不管啊),问问自己到底“是”or “不是”?
“是”就填Yes.
“不是”就填No.
这一题让我们做肯定回答。 那就是“是”, 答案就填 “Yes”先填好。
记牢一个原则:回答时答案一定是一致的,就是Yes, he is. 或者 No, he isn’t. 不可能出现交叉的情况。
接下来再看看谓语动词是be动词, 那就是一致,填 he is. 合起来,答案就是Yes, he is. 是不是很简单?
再来看一题:
She has never been to Shanghai, has she?(做否定回答)
否定!先把No, 写好。接下来告诉自己,要前后一致。再看句子,助动词是has, 那就再写上 she hasn’t. 就可以了。合起来就是 No, she hasn’t.
千万不要被中文意思迷惑了!因为中文里前后是不一致的。千万记牢,做题时脑子里不可出现中文!OK?

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kristyhe 2017-6-15 11:40

有用,非常感谢!
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