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学校老师暑假中给学生的一封关于阅读的信

我们将就读的这个高中,老师暑假会写很多EMAIL来,经常会特别关照暑假阅读的事.这封是就一个具体的阅读问题发的信,可以看到一些细节.可惜是全英文的, 不二妈妈或其他英文牛丽的妈妈可以普渡1下众生翻译下伐?
Some tips regarding Lord of the Flies
Guys:

I've been hearing that Lord of the Flies may be the most challenging of the three books you're required to read this summer, so I wanted to drop you a note of encouragement along with a few suggestions for what to consider as you read.

It's worth noting that we've been teaching this novel in our freshmen English classes for years (we won't this year because we're changing the curriculum a little), and each year it's been a favorite book of our students. Ask a sophomore you know why they liked it so much. The challenge for you will be that you won't get to "study" the book for two or three weeks; you won't get daily conversation about it with classmates and a teacher. So consider the following as you read:

First, the novel is a highly symbolic allegory. Yes, it's a story of a group of boys stranded on a tropical island after a plane crash, but it's also a story of human psychology, of political philosophy, and of the nature of man, among other things. The main symbols you'll want to consider are the conch, fire, Piggy's spectacles (eyeglasses), and the Beast. You can also consider Ralph, Jack, Piggy, and Simon as symbols too. Remember that a symbol is a concrete object (or in some cases a living thing) that represents an abstract idea.

Second, read the essay at the end of the book. If you are feeling especially clueless, go ahead and read it before you finish the book. It contains some spoilers, but it also gives some very clear interpretation of the novel. Golding (the author) had some pretty specific ideas he was trying to communicate through this novel, and he explains them in an interview, part of which is included in the essay.

Okay, if your eyes are glassing over, you can stop reading my email now and get back to the book (or any book for that matter). If you're curious to know more, read on for a bit of Freudian Psychology to go with your Lord of the Flies.

Feel free to email me back if you have questions, but most of all, read the story and wonder what you would do if you were in their shoes.

Sincerely,
Mr. XXXX


Still reading? Consider the following "Freudian view" of three of the main characters. Freud was a psychologist who studied human personality.

Freud came to see personality as having three aspects, which work together to produce all of our complex behaviors: the Id, the Ego and the Superego All 3 components need to be well-balanced in order to have good amount of psychological energy available and to have reasonable mental health.

THE ID (“It”): functions in the irrational and emotional part of the mind. At birth a baby’s mind is all Id - want want want.  The Id is the primitive mind. It contains all the basic needs and feelings. It is the source for libido (psychic energy). And it has only one rule: the “pleasure principle”: “I want it and I want it all now”.  In transactional analysis, Id equates to "Child".  If the Id is too strong, a person is bound up in self-gratification and uncaring of others.

THE EGO: (“I”): functions with the rational part of the mind. The Ego develops out of growing awareness that you can’t always get what you want. The Ego relates to the real world and operates via the “reality principle”.  The Ego realizes the need for compromise and negotiates between the Id and the Superego.  The Ego's job is to get the Id's pleasures but to be reasonable and bear the long-term consequences in mind.  The Ego denies both instant gratification and pious delaying of gratification.  The term ego-strength is the term used to refer to how well the ego copes with these conflicting forces.  To undertake its work of planning,  thinking and controlling the Id, the Ego uses some of the Id's libidinal energy.  In transactional analysis, Ego equates to "Adult".  If the Ego is too strong a person is extremely rational and efficient, but cold, boring and distant

THE SUPEREGO (“Over-I”): The Superego is the last part of the mind to develop.  It might be called the moral part of the mind. The Superego becomes an embodiment of parental and societal values. It stores and enforces rules. It constantly strives for perfection, even though this perfection ideal may be quite far from reality or possibility.  Its power to enforce rules comes from its ability to create anxiety. The Superego has two subsystems: Ego Ideal and Conscience. The Ego Ideal provides rules for good behavior, and standards of excellence towards which the Ego must strive. The Ego ideal is basically what the child’s parents approve of or value. The Conscience is the rules about what constitutes bad behavior. The Conscience is basically all those things that the child feels mum or dad will disapprove of or punish. If the Superego is too strong the person feels guilty all the time, and may even have an insufferably saintly personality.

Finally, however, the Ego has a difficult time dealing with the competing demands of the Superego and the Id.  According to the psychoanalytic view, this psychological conflict is an intrinsic and pervasive part of human experience.  The conflict between the Id and Superego, negotiated by the Ego, is one of the fundamental psychological battles all people face.  The way in which a person characteristically resolves the instant gratification vs. longer-term reward dilemma in many ways comes to reflect on their "character".

Having said all of that, which of the main characters might represent each of these parts of human personality? You could make a pretty good argument that Jack represents the Id. Think about why that might work.

Okay, enough for now. Feel free to email me back if you have questions, but most of all, read the story and wonder what you would do if you were in their shoes.

XXXXX
Dean of Day Students

[[i] 本帖最后由 慢吞吞 于 2010-7-21 08:11 编辑 [/i]].

上海一些高中也有假期布置阅读任务的做法,但是像这样循循善诱无微不至的对所有学生阅读的关心,我好像还没看到过.

作为一个家长,我很感动.但是作为一个孩子,我家的那位还是坚持对老师的关心视而不见,暑假至今没看过一本书. 虽然面试时候,他自称看过伟大的盖茨比(私下他跟我说这本书他不知道在说啥---好无聊啊!! 而我买这本是因为它很薄),还当场读了一段,然后还复述了,不过谁都可以猜到大致是啥水平了..

粗粗读了一下,感觉人家的阅读还是在很系统的学术指导下的..但也由此勾起了我一个长期的疑惑,就是象我这种一般般的英语水平,无论是读英语文章,还是偶尔看看BBC,BLOOMBERG,总感觉是在探讨比较深奥的问题,实际上其内容并不比用1/4只耳朵听的CCTV有任何深奥..,例如再像上文的dilemma,也会觉得是一个复杂的状态...实际上,在母语的环境里,我们的思维要深入而自由的多,一到英语的环境,容易拿着"鸡毛"当令箭,需要将思维降一级来将就我们的英语表达,特别是对中学生,本来深度的思维就还没建立起来...这也是我对于孩子要不要高中就出去,一直很纠结的一个原因..

回复 3#toboyMM 的帖子

恩你讲的非常非常有道理, 还很深奥.
我发现高中这个阶段对男孩子很重要(女孩子可能在初中), 什么样的特质基本就可以看出来了. 比如现在很红的那个安T,高中就看G CD宣言拉等等政治书了,可能他的思想在高二高三已经基本定型了. 再像含含, 可能留在国内对他个人成长更好,谁知道呢? 这种得失问题多考虑很容易脑瓜疼,所以我想索性人算不如天算交给天吧.....

很得到启发.
不过通过阅读这本书,来结合理解FREUD的本我,自我,超我的理论,对于现在的大部分高中生来讲不知道是否难度比较大点了?.

回复 5#卡米的宝贝 的帖子

太谢谢了...看了你说的我才仔细看了还真的抬出这位老先生了....回头一定让孩子看看这封信.

其实很多小孩对这些东西很有兴趣的, 只是这里学校从来不讲, 弄得好像很深奥. 我不怕太深奥, 只怕孩子有兴趣有能力,但是上面的顶给封掉了---当然对真有天赋的孩子来说其实也不成问题..

我女儿暑假英语作业，阅读原版的《荷马史诗  奥德赛》，我觉得老外开书目，是不嫌深奥的，还有四页纸的问题。.

回复 7#子玖妈妈 的帖子

天哪，老外比偶们作多了！会场会场地过分哦！.

如果假期没有其他的作业（数学、物理、化学），那么阅读3本书（我没看错吧？应该是三本书），对于学生（特别是英语为母语的学生），并不困难。

我们中国学校也有书单，只是没有老师的提示。我们的书单列出了长长的一串（都是散文类），但是没有和学生的深入讨论，让学生自学。

唉，不明白，为什么我们的数理化可以学得那么深，而对于文科，却不愿花时间深入讨论呢？.

回复 9#兔子的姐姐 的帖子

不行的吧 能让你们看那么多书就不错了 以前大家一起看八个样板戏 思想多单纯 队伍多少好带

我看过很多学校名人录 有一类人是很醒目的 就是大大小小的作家..... 我们这边一说名人总归是领导 商人..